Haplogroup O

Haplogroup O is in the heart of the Chinese land. Is is related to the Chinese dynasties and the Sino-Tibetan language family.

Specific branches which are not part of the heart of the Chinese O-branches:

O-P49 to Korean (and later to Japan). This branch is more than 20000 years old, and it is likely that it resulted in different languages. Two small language languages evolved from this Y-DNA branch, the Koreanic language family and the Japonic family, The Japonic language family arrived probably in Japan near 3100ybp, near the arrival of O-K2 in Japan. It replaced in large majority the Ainu language, see haplogroup D in Japan. The population jump of O-K2 was probably the major arrival of a new population with powerfull tools, taking control and an upper class in the early period of arrival.
several O-M119 has members leaving to te Philipines, this might be the origin of the distribution of the Austronesian language family over Madagascar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Phillipines and the Oceanic islands. It is thought to originate in Taiwan, near 5000ybp. How this fits with the Y-DNA tree and the Austronesian languages in Vietname and Cambodia is not yet clear.
The Austronesian language distribution has, based on linguistic characteristics, probably a few steps (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian_languages) with an early period of distribution reaching the large countries (Phillipines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Madagascar) and a second period reaching the Oceanic Islands. The first migration is suggestion to originate in Taiwan or northern Phillipines some 4 ybp with a mix of brances, partly O-M119. If we follow the DNA characteristics of ftdna reports in combination with wikipedia suggestion to the Lapita culture, it could fit. The three shared ancestors to the Oceanic Island would be near 10 Big Y 700 SNPs, so near 800ybp. The earlier shared ancestor would have lived (12+8+6)/3*82years = 700 years earlier, so about 500 CE. The ancestor (C-FT11451) would have lived in Lapita and the people of Lapita (early arriving in Melanesia, 50kybp) would have been mixed with Austronesian arrivals (e.g. 4000 ybp) and the ancestor (C-FT11451) would have had a Melanesian Y-DNA and a Austronesian language, and lost the voice-marking affixes, typical for the Oceanic languages.
The language arrived in Madagascar from Indonesia near 2000-3000 ybp, and corresponding Y-DNA and mtDNA branches arrived. Later arriving Bantus (near 1500ybp) resulted in an arrival of Y-DNA and mtdna. The austronesian language was maintained as main language; the new arriving Bantu population had a large impact on the Y-DNA branches (70%), and smaller impact on the mtdna branches (42%). Later arriving traders from the Middle East had a small impact on the Y-DNA branches (8%), while no impact on the mtdna branches was measured. See Pierron et al. 2017. Notice that the 7% mtDNA of M23 which was reported as "European" and unknown origin, is part of Austronesian arrival from Indonesia (M23 in yfull).
Tai-Kadai: I found no usefull data to relate this language family to the history of Y-DNA branches.
Austroasiatic: I found no usefull data to relate this language family to the history of Y-DNA branches.
Tibet-Burmese suggests O-F14422a, see Wen et al., 2004 and Zhang et al., 2019

link to phylogenetic tree: O-PAGE23
link to phylogenetic tree: O-Y20
link to phylogenetic tree: O-F3237
link to phylogenetic tree: O-M188
link to phylogenetic tree: O-L465
link to phylogenetic tree: O-CTS1754
link to phylogenetic tree: O-K18
link to phylogenetic tree: O-P49
link to phylogenetic tree: O-M119

yfull-links: O - O-M122 - O-M324 - O-P201 - O-P164 - O-M134 - O-PAGE23
yfull-links: O - O-M122 - O-M324 - O-P201 - O-P164 - O-M134 - O-Y20
yfull-links: O - O-M122 - O-M324 - O-P201 - O-P164 - O-F3237
yfull-links: O - O-M122 - O-M324 - O-P201 - O-M188
yfull-links: O - O-M122 - O-M324 - O-L465
yfull-links: O - O-M122 - O-CTS1754
yfull-links: O - O-F265 - O-M268 - O-K18
yfull-links: O - O-F265 - O-M268 - O-P49
yfull-links: O - O-F265 - O-M119