R-L21 in Britain

link to phylogenetic tree: R-L21
link to phylogenetic tree: R-U106
link to phylogenetic tree: I1

yfull-links: R-PF6538 - R-L151 - R-P312 - R-S461 - R-L21
yfull-links: R-PF6538 - R-L151 - R-U106
yfull-links: I1

Earlier Pause Continue Later

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Arriving R-L21 and Anglosaxons

The Indo-Europeans arrived in Britain with haplogroup R-L21, a descendant of R-P312. The time estimate of the arrival in Britain was about 500 years later than the arrival of R-P312 in Europe. R-L21 became the main haplogroup in Britain as part of the Britons; it still is today the largest haplogroup in Britain. The Celtic culture and language arrived with the arrival of R-L21 in Britain.

Later arriving Anglosaxons were a mix of mainly I1 and R-U106.

I1 increased in Scandinavia as part of the Indo-Europeans. They are the main haplogroup in northern Europe.

When the Anglosaxon migration from Anglia and Old Saxony to Britain took place, the people in Anglia and Saxony consisted mainly of I1 and R-U106. This migration brought the Germanic contribution to the culture and language to Britain.

The histogram above gives the total number of R1b-L21, R1b-U106 and I1. The timemaps are better in showing the original R1b-L21 in Britain and the later arriving I1 and R1b-U106. One can also have a look at the ancient British Y-DNA haplogroups in figure 5 of Patterson et al. (2021). The high values (near 80 percent) of R1b-L21 between 2380 BCE-0 CE are consistent to be of constant value..

Two scenarios are suggested in the literature for the moment of arrival of the Celtic languages:

• An arrival of the Celtic language with the arrival of the R1b-L21 migrants.
• Patterson et al. (2021) suggest that a more recent arrival near 1000-875 BCE could have be the cause of the arrival of the Celtic language in Britain. The arguments for change of an arrival in this period are extrenely small. The percentage of EEF change is small; the indication of a Y-DNA arrival is insignificant. This scenario was suggested before, when the discovery of the DNA-arrival of the Indo-European migrants was not yet done.